What characterizes a transparent language?

A transparent language is defined by a relationship between its sounds and letters that is largely predictable. This means that the way in which letters correspond to sounds is consistent, allowing learners to easily apply phonetic rules. In such languages, once a learner understands the basic sounds associated with each letter or letter combination, they can effectively decode and pronounce words.

This predictability is particularly advantageous in language acquisition, as it encourages systematic decoding strategies and helps learners develop their reading skills more effectively. While the other options refer to characteristics of different language structures or types, they do not align with the essential feature of a transparent language, which is its clear and consistent sound-to-symbol correspondences.